{"id":2079,"date":"2026-04-03T08:19:32","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T08:19:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/?p=2079"},"modified":"2026-04-08T08:24:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T08:24:13","slug":"soal-dan-pembahasan-materi-rasio-skala-dan-proporsi-tka-matematika-smp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/soal-dan-pembahasan-materi-rasio-skala-dan-proporsi-tka-matematika-smp\/","title":{"rendered":"Cek! 15 Soal dan Pembahasan Materi Rasio, Skala, dan Proporsi TKA Matematika SMP"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bimbel Rumah Pintar<\/a> –\u00a0 <\/strong>Soal tentang rasio, skala, dan proporsi, serta laju perubahan adalah konsep matematika yang paling sering muncul dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sekaligus menjadi langganan soal TKA Matematika SMP.<\/p>\n

Prinsip dasarnya sederhana:\u00a0rasio membandingkan dua besaran<\/strong>,\u00a0proporsi menyamakan dua rasio<\/strong>,\u00a0skala memperkecil atau memperbesar ukuran sebenarnya<\/strong>, dan\u00a0laju perubahan mengukur seberapa cepat suatu besaran berubah terhadap besaran lain<\/strong>. Kunci utama menguasai topik ini adalah kemampuan mengidentifikasi jenis perbandingan (senilai atau berbalik nilai), konsistensi satuan, serta perkalian silang yang tepat.<\/p>\n

Mengapa latihan soal rasio sangat penting?<\/strong>\u00a0Soal TKA sering menyajikan masalah kontekstual seperti campuran larutan, skala peta, kecepatan kendaraan, debit air, hingga pembagian modal usaha. Tanpa pemahaman yang kuat, siswa sering terjebak membalik rasio, lupa mengkonversi satuan (cm ke km), atau keliru membedakan perbandingan senilai dan berbalik nilai. Dengan menguasai 15 variasi soal berikut, Sahabat Rumah Pintar akan mampu menyelesaikan soal TKA dengan cepat, tepat, dan percaya diri.<\/p>\n

15 Contoh Soal dan Pembahasan Rasio (Skala, Proporsi, Laju Perubahan)<\/h2>\n

<\/h3>\n

Soal 1 (Rasio Dasar \u2013 Campuran Larutan)<\/h3>\n

Untuk membuat larutan desinfektan, dibutuhkan cairan A dan B dengan perbandingan A : B = 3 : 5. Jika tersedia 2,5 liter cairan B, maka volume maksimum larutan yang dapat dibuat adalah ….<\/p>\n

Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    Rasio A : B = 3 : 5, total bagian = 3 + 5 = 8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    B = 5 bagian = 2,5 liter \u2192 1 bagian = 2,5 \u00f7 5 = 0,5 liter<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Volume total larutan = 8 \u00d7 0,5 =\u00a04,0 liter<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Jawaban: 4,0 liter<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    Soal 2 (Skala Peta)<\/h3>\n

    Pada peta dengan skala 1 : 250.000, jarak antara dua kota pada peta adalah 8 cm. Berapa jarak sebenarnya dalam km?<\/p>\n

    Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      Jarak sebenarnya = jarak peta \u00d7 skala<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      = 8 \u00d7 250.000 = 2.000.000 cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      2.000.000 cm = 20.000 m =\u00a020 km<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Jawaban: 20 km<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n

      Soal 3 (Proporsi \u2013 Perbandingan 3 Variabel)<\/h3>\n

      Perbandingan uang Andi, Budi, dan Cici adalah 2 : 3 : 5. Jika total uang mereka Rp600.000, berapa uang Cici?<\/p>\n

      Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        Total bagian = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Uang Cici =\u00a0510\u00d7600.000=300.000<\/span>10<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span>600.000<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>300.000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Jawaban: Rp300.000<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n

        Soal 4 (Laju Perubahan \u2013 Kecepatan)<\/h3>\n

        Sebuah mobil menempuh jarak 180 km dalam waktu 3 jam. Berapa kecepatan rata-rata mobil tersebut dalam km\/jam?<\/p>\n

        Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          Kecepatan =\u00a0jarakwaktu=1803=60<\/span>waktu<\/span><\/span><\/span>jarak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span>180<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>60<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0km\/jam<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Jawaban: 60 km\/jam<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n

          Soal 5 (Laju Perubahan \u2013 Debit Air)<\/h3>\n

          Sebuah keran mengalirkan air 15 liter dalam 3 menit. Berapa debit air tersebut dalam liter\/menit?<\/p>\n

          Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n

            Debit =\u00a0volumewaktu=153=5<\/span>waktu<\/span><\/span><\/span>volume<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span>15<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0liter\/menit<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Jawaban: 5 liter\/menit<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n

            Soal 6 (Perbandingan Senilai \u2013 Harga Barang)<\/h3>\n

            Harga 5 kg apel adalah Rp75.000. Berapa harga 8 kg apel?<\/p>\n

            Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n

              Perbandingan senilai:\u00a0575.000=8x<\/span>75.000<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span><\/span>8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              5x=75.000\u00d78=600.000<\/span>5<\/span>x<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>75.000<\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span>8<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>600.000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              x=120.000<\/span>x<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>120.000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Jawaban: Rp120.000<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n

              Soal 7 (Perbandingan Berbalik Nilai \u2013 Pekerjaan)<\/h3>\n

              Sebuah proyek dikerjakan 6 orang selesai dalam 12 hari. Jika dikerjakan 8 orang, berapa hari selesai?<\/p>\n

              Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              • \n

                Berbalik nilai:\u00a068=x12<\/span>8<\/span><\/span>6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                8x=6\u00d712=72<\/span>8<\/span>x<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>6<\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span>12<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>72<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                x=9<\/span>x<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0hari<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Jawaban: 9 hari<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n

                Soal 8 (Skala \u2013 Mencari Jarak pada Peta)<\/h3>\n

                Jarak sebenarnya dua kota adalah 75 km. Pada peta berskala 1 : 500.000, berapa jarak kedua kota pada peta?<\/p>\n

                Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \n

                  75 km = 7.500.000 cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  Jarak peta = jarak sebenarnya \u00f7 skala<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  = 7.500.000 \u00f7 500.000 =\u00a015 cm<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Jawaban: 15 cm<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n

                  Soal 9 (Rasio \u2013 Mencari Nilai Selisih)<\/h3>\n

                  Perbandingan jumlah siswa laki-laki dan perempuan di suatu kelas adalah 3 : 4. Jika selisih siswa perempuan dan laki-laki adalah 5 orang, berapa total siswa?<\/p>\n

                  Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \n

                    Selisih bagian = 4 – 3 = 1 bagian = 5 orang<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    Total bagian = 3 + 4 = 7<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                  • \n

                    Total siswa = 7 \u00d7 5 =\u00a035 orang<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Jawaban: 35 orang<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n

                    Soal 10 (Laju Perubahan \u2013 Harga per Unit)<\/h3>\n

                    Seorang pedagang membeli 12 kg jeruk seharga Rp180.000. Berapa harga jeruk per kg?<\/p>\n

                    Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \n

                      Harga per kg =\u00a0180.00012=15.000<\/span>12<\/span><\/span>180.000<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>15.000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0per kg<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Jawaban: Rp15.000\/kg<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n

                      Soal 11 (Proporsi \u2013 Mencari Nilai Tidak Langsung)<\/h3>\n

                      Perbandingan panjang dan lebar sebuah persegi panjang adalah 5 : 3. Jika keliling persegi panjang tersebut 64 cm, berapa panjangnya?<\/p>\n

                      Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • \n

                        Keliling = 2(p + l) = 64 \u2192 p + l = 32<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                      • \n

                        Rasio p : l = 5 : 3, total bagian = 8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                      • \n

                        Panjang =\u00a058\u00d732=20<\/span>8<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span>32<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Jawaban: 20 cm<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n

                        Soal 12 (Skala \u2013 Luas pada Peta)<\/h3>\n

                        Sebuah tanah berbentuk persegi panjang memiliki panjang 200 m dan lebar 150 m. Jika digambar dengan skala 1 : 5.000, berapa luas tanah pada peta (dalam cm\u00b2)?<\/p>\n

                        Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • \n

                          Panjang sebenarnya = 200 m = 20.000 cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                        • \n

                          Panjang peta = 20.000 \u00f7 5.000 = 4 cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                        • \n

                          Lebar sebenarnya = 150 m = 15.000 cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                        • \n

                          Lebar peta = 15.000 \u00f7 5.000 = 3 cm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                        • \n

                          Luas peta = 4 \u00d7 3 =\u00a012 cm\u00b2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Jawaban: 12 cm\u00b2<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n

                          Soal 13 (Perbandingan Senilai \u2013 Bahan Bakar)<\/h3>\n

                          Sebuah mobil menghabiskan 8 liter bensin untuk menempuh jarak 96 km. Berapa liter bensin yang dibutuhkan untuk menempuh jarak 144 km?<\/p>\n

                          Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • \n

                            Senilai:\u00a0896=x144<\/span>96<\/span><\/span>8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>144<\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                          • \n

                            96x=8\u00d7144=1.152<\/span>96<\/span>x<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>8<\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span>144<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>1.152<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                          • \n

                            x=12<\/span>x<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0liter<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Jawaban: 12 liter<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n

                            Soal 14 (Laju Perubahan \u2013 Pertumbuhan)<\/h3>\n

                            Seorang peternak mencatat bahwa berat sapi bertambah 120 kg dalam waktu 8 bulan. Berapa laju pertumbuhan sapi tersebut dalam kg\/bulan?<\/p>\n

                            Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • \n

                              Laju =\u00a01208=15<\/span>8<\/span><\/span>120<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>15<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0kg\/bulan<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              Jawaban: 15 kg\/bulan<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n

                              Soal 15 (Perbandingan Berbalik Nilai \u2013 Kecepatan vs Waktu)<\/h3>\n

                              Sebuah bus melaju dengan kecepatan 60 km\/jam dan tiba dalam waktu 5 jam. Jika bus ingin tiba dalam 4 jam, berapa kecepatan rata-rata yang harus dicapai?<\/p>\n

                              Pembahasan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • \n

                                Berbalik nilai:\u00a060v=45<\/span>v<\/span><\/span><\/span>60<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span>4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                              • \n

                                4v=60\u00d75=300<\/span>4<\/span>v<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>60<\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span>5<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>300<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                              • \n

                                v=75<\/span>v<\/span>=<\/span><\/span>75<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0km\/jam<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Jawaban: 75 km\/jam<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                Bimbel Rumah Pintar –\u00a0 Soal tentang rasio, skala, dan proporsi, serta laju perubahan adalah konsep matematika yang paling sering muncul dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sekaligus menjadi langganan soal TKA Matematika SMP. Prinsip dasarnya sederhana:\u00a0rasio membandingkan dua besaran,\u00a0proporsi menyamakan dua rasio,\u00a0skala memperkecil […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2080,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[212,213,206,210],"class_list":["post-2079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bahas-soal","tag-rasio","tag-skala","tag-soal-tka-smp","tag-tka-smp"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2079"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2085,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions\/2085"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumahpintar.co.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}